374 Biostatistics For Dummies
GLM (generalized linear model), 272–278
glucose values, 25–26, 153
gold standard test, 183–184
good fit line, 215–216
goodness of fit, 227–228, 258–259
G*Power
description of, 59–60, 68
using, 158, 198, 207, 324–325
graphing. See also charts and charting
categorical data, 112–114
correlation coefficients, 202–203
hazard rates and survival probabilities, 312–315
multiple regression, 243–245
numerical data, 124–128
Poisson regression, 273–276
Receiver Operator Characteristics (ROC),
264–265
residuals, 222–223
software for, 57–58
s-shaped data, 252–256
student t test, 45–47
GraphPad, 67
Greek letters, 17
GUI (guided user interface), 56, 58
H
h value, 344–346
half-life (λ), 280–282
hazard rate
definition of, 305
from life tables, 311–315
relation to survival rate, 333
hazard ratios (HR), 334–335, 340, 364
health insurance, 112–114
healthcare, 9–10
highway accidents, 274–278
Hill, Bradford (epidemiologist)
Bradford Hills’ criteria of causality, 297–298
histogram, 34–35, 124–125
historical control, 142
H-L test, 259
homogeneity of variances, 155
hormone concentration, 287–290
Hosmer-Lemeshow Goodness of Fit test, 259
HR (hazard ratios), 334–335, 340
HTN (hypertension), 90, 94–98, 177–178
human health research, 88
human subjects protection certification, 73
hyperplane, 234
hypertension (HTN), 90, 94–98, 177–178
hypothesis, 40–47, 63, 94, 247.See also null
hypothesis
hypothesis-driven analysis, 294
hypothesized cause, 83, 175, 178, 193, 292
I
ICF (Informed Consent Form), 72–73
ICH (International Conference on
Harmonization), 72
icons explained, 3
identification (ID) numbers, 104
identity line, 245
imputation, 75
incidence, 191–198
incidence rate, 192–198
inclusion criteria, 64
independent t test, 148
independent variable, 208–210, 213, 215, 291–294
indicator variables, 237–238
indices, 174
individual-level data, 160
inferential statistics, 34, 77
inferring, 10
infinity, 33
influenza, 192
Informed Consent Form (ICF), 72–73
inner mean, 118
integers, 107